The components of an operating system exist to make different parts of a computer work together. The fundamental concepts that underlie operating systems include process management, memory management, device management, file management, error detecting, and security. Operating systems are essential in a computer system. Some common contemporary operating systems include Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. Features of an operating systems includes user interface, program execution, I/O operations, file system manipulation, communications, error detection, resource allocation, accounting, and security. Operating systems “allocate resources that allow the process to exchange information. It synchronizes among processes and safeguards the resources of other processes” (Mishra, 2023). Memory management controls and coordinates a computer’s main memory by accessing, allocating and protecting the memory. Memory management considers “the capacity limitations of th...